Physical and Behavioral Traits of Overweight and Obese Adults

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Physical and Behavioral Traits of Overweight and Obese Adults
Sponsored by: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Information provided by: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00428987

Purpose
This study will describe the phenotype (physical and behavioral traits) of overweight and obese people. It will characterize the hormones, metabolism, food preferences, fitness and physical activity levels, sleep patterns and thought processes in people with and without weight problems. Genetic material will be collected for studies of the internal codes that influence body weight.

People over 18 years of age from all weight categories (lean, overweight, obese) who are reasonably healthy may be eligible for this study. Participants undergo the following tests and procedures:

* Physical exam, electrocardiogram, blood and urine tests, instructions for recording food intake for 7 days
* Metabolic studies for menstruating women.
* Resting metabolic rate to study how many calories the body burns at rest.
* Mixed meal test to measure hormones such as insulin that regulate blood sugar.
* Glucose tolerance test to determine how sensitive the body is to insulin.
* 24-hour energy expenditure to measure the amount of oxygen breathed in and the amount of carbon dioxide breathed out.
* Repeat 24-hour energy expenditure.
* Diurnal blood sampling and temperature assessment to study the body's internal clock.
* Air-displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod) to measure body composition.
* Dual energy x-ray absortiometry (DEXA) to measure body fat and bone density.
* Repeat Bod Pod and DEXA.
* Anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance to measure height, weight, and circumferences, skinfold thickness, fluid status and percentage body fat.
* Bromide dilution to measure the amount of water not in cells in the body.
* Doubly labeled water to measure the amount of calories burned in a 7-day period.
* 24-hour diet reports.
* Endothelial reactivity to measure how the blood vessels stretch or dilate for assessing cardiovascular health.
* Treadmill or bicycle exercise capacity test.
* Physical activity monitor.
* Unicorder to detect any breathing difficulties that may interfere with sleep.
* Fat and muscle biopsy to look for variations in gene expression in fat tissue and muscle.
* Neurocognitive testing to check memory, decision-making, hand-eye coordination, and reasoning.
* Evaluation of mood problems and assess personality type.
* Evaluation to assess the quantity and quality of pain experienced.
* Taste testing to determine the response to bitter, salty, sweet and sour substances.
* Occupational therapy evaluation to explore the subject's adaptations, if any, for performing personal, social or professional activities; the subject's views on his or her weight, body size and shape, and strategies to control weight.


Condition
Morbid Obesity
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Insulin Resistance
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Mood Disorders

MedlinePlus related topics: Diabetes Obesity Sleep Apnea
U.S. FDA Resources
Study Type: Observational
Study Design: Prospective
Official Title: Study of the Phenotype of Overweight and Obese Adults

Further study details as provided by National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC):

Study Start Date: January 2007

Detailed Description:
Although complex metabolic, hormonal, and neural networks operate to control body weight, obesity is in most cases, the result of over-feeding and inactivity. In the majority of obese patients, patterns of fundamental behavior (eating, physical activity, sleeping) determine the success or failure of weight loss interventions. Behavior is controlled to some degree by conscious decision making and is influenced by signals from the integrated networks involved in body weight regulation. The contributions of behavior, environment, socioeconomic status, physiology and genetics assure that no single therapeutic regimen will be successful in all obese individuals. In order to explore the factors that impede weight loss and result in weight regain, the obese phenotype and its variants must be defined. The purpose of this study is to detail hormonal, metabolic, cognitive and behavioral traits across the spectrum of weight categories utilizing the state-of-the-art facilities of the Metabolic Units at the Mark O. Hatfield Clinical Research Center, NIH. Genetic material (blood and tissue) will be banked for analysis of phenotypic subgroups as they emerge.

Patients over the age of 18 are eligible for this study. While childhood obesity is an important public health issue, the variables of growth and hormonal controls will be delineated in separate studies. Over-weight and obese patients are encouraged to participate in as full an evaluation as feasible. Lean individuals will be recruited to create a normative database for body composition (dual energy x-ray absortiometry, air displacement plethysmography), energy expenditure (resting energy expenditure, 24h respiratory chamber and doubly labeled water) and other techniques used to study traits of importance. The study will be conducted in both the inpatient and outpatient setting and can include evaluation of hormones, diurnal variation, sleep, eating behavior and taste perception, physical fitness, and psychological and neurocognitive functioning. Importantly, this protocol is the means by which pilot data are obtained to develop novel approaches and hypotheses for studying obesity and its associated traits.

Eligibility
Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older
Genders Eligible for Study: Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
Criteria

* INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Obese subjects:

1. Obese men and women over the age of 18 years;
2. BMI greater than 30;

Overweight subjects:

1. Overweight men and women over the age of 18 years;
2. BMI greater than 25 and less than 30

Control subjects (may be matched for age, sex and years of education):

1. Normal weight men and women over the age of 18 years;
2. BMI greater than 18.5 and less than 25

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Patients over 450 lbs;
2. Patients with significant physical limitations that may preclude them from completing the majority of the tests in this study.
3. Current, unstable medical conditions including cardiac ischemia; severe respiratory insufficiency requiring oxygen therapy; hepatic or cardiac failure as assessed by history and physical exam;
4. Any psychiatric condition that would preclude participation in the study;
5. Patients unwilling or unable to give informed consent.

Additional exclusion for lean control subjects:

1. Previous history of obesity as an adolescent or adult;
2. Current or past history of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia.

Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00428987

Contacts
Contact: Patient Recruitment and Public Liaison Office (800) 411-1222 prpl@mail.cc.nih.gov
Contact: TTY 1-866-411-1010

Locations
United States, Maryland
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike Recruiting
Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
Sponsors and Collaborators
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

More Information
NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Publications:
Adams KF, Schatzkin A, Harris TB, Kipnis V, Mouw T, Ballard-Barbash R, Hollenbeck A, Leitzmann MF. Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old. N Engl J Med. 2006 Aug 24;355(8):763-78. Epub 2006 Aug 22.
Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 2003 Apr 24;348(17):1625-38.
Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, Westfall AO, Allison DB. Years of life lost due to obesity. JAMA. 2003 Jan 8;289(2):187-93.

Study ID Numbers: 070077, 07-DK-0077
Study First Received: January 27, 2007
Last Updated: July 18, 2008
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00428987 [history]
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government

Keywords provided by National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC):
Body Composition
Energy Expenditure
Physical Activity
Neurocognitive Function
Behavior
Body Composition
Morbid Obesity
Overweight
Healthy Volunteer

Study placed in the following topic categories:
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
Sleep Disorders
Overweight
Healthy
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic
Body Weight
Hyperinsulinism
Signs and Symptoms
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Mental Disorders
Nutrition Disorders
Obesity
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Metabolic Diseases
Apnea
Respiration Disorders
Diabetes Mellitus
Endocrine System Diseases
Dyssomnias
Obesity, Morbid
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Mood Disorders
Overnutrition
Endocrinopathy
Insulin Resistance
Metabolic disorder
Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Nervous System Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on January 13, 2009