Diabetic ketoacidosis - MayoClinic.com

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Diabetic ketoacidosis - MayoClinic.com

ARTICLE SECTIONS
* Definition
* Symptoms
* Causes
* Risk factors
* When to seek medical advice

* Tests and diagnosis
* Complications
* Treatments and drugs
* Prevention

Definition

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes.

Diabetic ketoacidosis develops when you have too little insulin in your body. Without enough insulin, sugar (glucose) can't enter your cells for energy. Your blood sugar level rises, and your body begins to break down fat for energy. This produces toxic acids known as ketones. Left untreated, diabetic ketoacidosis may cause you to lose consciousness. Eventually, untreated diabetic ketoacidosis can be fatal.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is most common in people who have type 1 diabetes, but people who have type 2 diabetes may develop diabetic ketoacidosis, too. In fact, in a few cases diabetic ketoacidosis is the first sign that a person has diabetes. If you have diabetes or you're at risk of diabetes, learn the warning signs of diabetic ketoacidosis Û and know when to seek emergency care.

Symptoms

Diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms often develop quickly, sometimes within 24 hours. You may notice:

* Excessive thirst
* Frequent urination
* Nausea and vomiting
* Abdominal pain
* Loss of appetite
* Weakness or fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Fruity-scented breath
* Confusion

More specific signs of diabetic ketoacidosis Û which can be detected through home blood and urine testing kits Û include:

* High blood sugar level
* High ketone level in your urine

Remember, untreated diabetic ketoacidosis can be fatal. Seek emergency care if you suspect that you have diabetic ketoacidosis, even if you haven't been diagnosed with diabetes.

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By Mayo Clinic Staff
Feb. 9, 2008
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