Byetta Side Effects
Byetta Side Effects
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Generic Name: Exenatide
Please note - some side effects for Byetta may not be reported. Always consult your doctor or healthcare specialist for medical advice. You may also report side effects to the FDA at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/ or 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088).
Side Effects of Byetta - for the consumer
Byetta
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome when using Byetta:
Decreased appetite; diarrhea; dizziness; feeling jittery; headache; indigestion; nausea; vomiting; weight loss.
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur when using Byetta:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); chest pain; symptoms of low blood sugar (eg, chills, confusion, drowsiness, fainting, fast heartbeat, increased hunger, increased sweating, irritability, nervousness, severe dizziness, tremor, vision problems, weakness); unusual, severe, or persistent stomach pain or vomiting.
For the professional
Byetta
Use with metformin and/or a sulfonylurea
In the three 30-week controlled trials of Byetta add-on to metformin and/or sulfonylurea, adverse events with an incidence ≥5% (excluding hypoglycemia; see Table 3) that occurred more frequently in Byetta-treated patients compared with placebo-treated patients are summarized in Table 4.
Table 4: Frequent Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (≥5% Incidence and Greater Incidence With Byetta Treatment) Excluding Hypoglycemia*
Placebo BID All Byetta BID
N = 483 N = 963
* In three 30-week placebo-controlled clinical trials.
% %
Nausea 18 44
Vomiting 4 13
Diarrhea 6 13
Feeling Jittery 4 9
Dizziness 6 9
Headache 6 9
Dyspepsia 3 6
The adverse events associated with Byetta generally were mild to moderate in intensity. The most frequently reported adverse event, mild to moderate nausea, occurred in a dose-dependent fashion. With continued therapy, the frequency and severity decreased over time in most of the patients who initially experienced nausea. Adverse events reported in ≥1.0 to <5.0% of patients receiving Byetta and reported more frequently than with placebo included asthenia (mostly reported as weakness), decreased appetite, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hyperhidrosis. Patients in the extension studies at 52 weeks experienced similar types of adverse events observed in the 30-week controlled trials.
The incidence of withdrawal due to adverse events was 7% for Byetta-treated patients and 3% for placebo-treated patients. The most common adverse events leading to withdrawal for Byetta-treated patients were nausea (3% of patients) and vomiting (1%). For placebo-treated patients, <1% withdrew due to nausea and 0% due to vomiting.
Use with a thiazolidinedione
In the 16-week placebo-controlled study of Byetta add-on to a thiazolidinedione, with or without metformin, the incidence and type of other adverse events observed were similar to those seen in the 30-week controlled clinical trials with metformin and/or a sulfonylurea. No serious adverse events were reported in the placebo arm. Two serious adverse events, namely chest pain (leading to withdrawal) and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, were reported in the Byetta arm.
The incidence of withdrawal due to adverse events was 16% (19/121) for Byetta-treated patients and 2% (2/112) for placebo-treated patients. The most common adverse events leading to withdrawal for Byetta-treated patients were nausea (9%) and vomiting (5%). For placebo-treated patients, <1% withdrew due to nausea. Chills (n=4) and injection-site reactions (n=2) occurred only in Byetta-treated patients. The two patients who reported an injection-site reaction had high titers of anti-exenatide antibody.
Spontaneous Data
Since market introduction of Byetta, the following additional adverse reactions have been reported. Because these events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
General: injection-site reactions; dysgeusia; somnolence, INR increased with concomitant warfarin use (some reports associated with bleeding).
Allergy/Hypersensitivity: generalized pruritus and/or urticaria, macular or papular rash, angioedema; rare reports of anaphylactic reaction.
Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea resulting in dehydration; abdominal distension, abdominal pain, eructation, constipation, flatulence, acute pancreatitis.
Renal and Urinary Disorders: altered renal function, including acute renal failure, worsened chronic renal failure, renal impairment, increased serum creatinine.
Immunogenicity
Consistent with the potentially immunogenic properties of protein and peptide pharmaceuticals, patients may develop anti-exenatide antibodies following treatment with Byetta. In most patients who develop antibodies, antibody titers diminish over time.
In the 30-week controlled trials of Byetta add-on to metformin and/or sulfonylurea, 38% of patients had low titer anti-exenatide antibodies at 30 weeks. For this group, the level of glycemic control (HbA1c) was generally comparable to that observed in those without antibody titers. An additional 6% of patients had higher titer antibodies at 30 weeks. In about half of this 6% (3% of the total patients given Byetta in the 30-week controlled studies), the glycemic response to Byetta was attenuated; the remainder had a glycemic response comparable to that of patients without antibodies.
In the 16-week trial of Byetta add-on to thiazolidinediones, with or without metformin, 9% of patients had higher titer antibodies at 16 weeks. Compared with patients who did not develop antibodies to Byetta, on average the glycemic response in patients with higher titer antibodies was attenuated.
The patient’s glycemic response to Byetta should be monitored. If there is worsening glycemic control or failure to achieve targeted glycemic control, alternative antidiabetic therapy should be considered.
By body system
Metabolic side effects
Metabolic side effects have included hypoglycemia.
Most episodes of hypoglycemia were mild to moderate in intensity and all resolved with administration of carbohydrate. Hypoglycemia was rarely observed in patients treated with the combination of exenatide and metformin and was similar in incidence to patients treated with placebo and metformin. When used as add-on to a thiazolidinedione, with or without metformin, the incidence of symptomatic mild to moderate hypoglycemia with exenatide was 11% compared to 7% with placebo.
Gastrointestinal side effects
Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dyspepsia.
Nervous system side effects
Nervous system side effects have included dizziness, headache and feeling jittery.
Immunologic side effects
Immunologic side effects have included the development of anti-exenatide antibodies.
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