Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treatment
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treatment
Self-Care at Home
Home care is generally directed toward preventing diabetic ketoacidosis and treating moderately elevated high blood sugar.
* If you have type 1 diabetes, you should monitor your blood sugars at least 3-4 times a day. Check these levels more often if you feel ill, if you are fighting an infection, or if you have had a recent illness or injury.
* Treat moderate elevations in blood sugar with additional injections of a short-acting form of insulin. Many people with diabetes have previously arranged with their physicians a regimen of extra insulin injections for home treatment if blood sugar levels begin to rise.
* Be on the watch for signs of infection and keep yourself well hydrated by drinking non-sugary fluids throughout the day.
Medical Treatment
* Intravenous fluid replacement (given through a vein) is the primary and most critical initial treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. This reverses dehydration and dilutes glucose and acid levels. Many liters of fluid may be required. Potassium is typically added to IV fluids to correct losses.
* Insulin will be given to lower blood sugar and to prevent further ketone formation. Once blood glucose levels have fallen to 250 mg, additional glucose may be given to allow continued insulin administration without hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
* People diagnosed with DKA are usually admitted into the hospital for further treatment and may be admitted to the intensive care unit if their condition warrants.
* Some people with mild acidosis and fluid and electrolyte losses can be safely treated and sent home. Prompt follow-up must be arranged with the doctor.
