Diabetic kidney disease: Tests and diagnosis
Diabetic kidney disease: Tests and diagnosis
Google Health
Your doctor may think you have diabetic nephropathy if you have diabetes and a routine urinalysis shows too much protein in your urine. This test may also show glucose in the urine, especially if your blood sugar is poorly controlled.
The main sign of diabetic nephropathy is persistent protein in the urine. (Protein may appear in the urine for 5 to 10 years before other symptoms develop.) If your doctor thinks you might have this condition, a microalbuminuria test will be done. A positive test often means you have at least some damage to the kidney from diabetes. Damage at this stage may be reversible.
High blood pressure often goes along with diabetic nephropathy. You may have high blood pressure that develops rapidly or is difficult to control.
Laboratory tests that may be done include:
* BUN
* Serum creatinine
The levels of these tests will increase as kidney damage gets worse. Other laboratory tests that may be done include:
* 24-hour urine protein
* Blood levels of phosphorus, calcium, bicarbonate, and potassium
* Hemoglobin
* Hematocrit
* Protein electrophoresis - urine
* Red blood cell (RBC) count
A kidney biopsy confirms the diagnosis. However, your doctor can diagnose the condition without a biopsy if you meet the following three conditions:
# Persistent protein in the urine
# Diabetic retinopathy
# No other kidney or renal tract disease
A biopsy may be done, however, if there is any doubt in the diagnosis.
